RERUN

Do a paper's numbers add up?

Science papers report their statistics in a set format, and some of those numbers can be worked out from the others. If they don't agree, there's a typo, or a conclusion that doesn't follow. You only need the paper's text, and it stays in your browser.

What to paste

Sentences like this one, usually in the section called Results:

t(28) = 2.20, p = .036

  • 28 comes from how much data the study had
  • 2.20 is the size of the effect it found
  • .036 is the chance of seeing this by luck alone, which can be worked out from the other two

It also reads F(2, 30) = 1.00, p < .01, and averages such as M = 3.47, n = 20. It can't check plain percentages, tables or figures like "93% accurate".

Each number we can check gets marked in the text, and explained here.